Fosamax (Alendronate Sodium) is a type of drug, known as biphosphonates, used to treat osteoporosis, paget’s disease, and other bone loss disorders. Since the FDA approval of Fosamax in 1995, Merck, the drug’s creator, has been under serious scrutiny from the FDA for their marketing of Fosamax. In 1997, a letter was sent by the Division of Drug Marketing, Advertising and Communications (DDMAC) of the FDA to Merck stating that marketing material for Fosamax lacked balance and only outlined the benefits of the drug, but failed to list the warnings and risks. Merck was sent another letter from the DDMAC in 1999, this time stating that advertisements for Fosamax violated the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act by not providing enough information. Merck received yet another FDA Fosamax warning letter in 2001; this time the letter was in response to the drug’s website, which according to the letter, overstated the benefits of Fosamax while minimizing the serious side effects.
By 2001, oral surgeons and dentists had already begun to notice a link between use of bisphosphonates like Fosamax and the onset of osteonecrosis of the jaw (ONJ), otherwise known as “dead jaw”. ONJ is a condition in which the bone tissue in the jaw fails to heal after minor trauma such as a tooth extraction, causing the bone to be exposed. The exposure can eventually lead to infection and fracture and may require long-term antibiotic therapy or surgery to remove the dying bone tissue.

